(I presented this topic as a part of my
communication skills course last year.)
"Brain drain" means the emigration of
trained and talented individuals to other nations.
The reason for leaving the homeland could be any of
these.
First, going abroad for higher education
Second reason could be that the person wants a
better job. The opportunities in his country are limited, and he is unable to
earn good money for his living.
Third, the country's worsening political, social,
or economic conditions compelled him to make this decision.
Fourth, there are family issues.
Fifth, one of the causes of brain drain could be
travel.
Sixth, health risks could be the cause.
Finally, you despise being in your home country.
Many developed nations have immigration and work
permit programmes in order to attract talented and skilful people to their countries.
In return, they promise them a better life, security and opportunities that
they don’t find in their own countries. Programs like the H1B visa, HSMP, and
Australian and Canadian skilled immigration are widely popular. Therefore, if
one is skilful and talented, then he can easily avail of these opportunities.
The phenomenon of brain drain is perhaps most
problematic for developing nations, where it is widespread. In these countries,
higher education and professional certification are often viewed as the surest
paths to escape from a troubled economy or difficult political situation. The
country’s investment in higher education is lost when a trained and skilled
individual leaves and does not return and contributes to its economy. Instead
of this, he uses all the education and skills that he acquired from his home
country for the betterment and economic boost of an alien nation.
Brain drain is becoming a global problem these days
for developing countries. Every nation is facing it. Countries in South Asian
countries like Pakistan, Bangladesh, and India are mostly affected by it. The
economic and political situations of these countries are fairly poor. Let me
make one thing clear. A common conception is that only South Asian countries
are affected by it. But the reality is that brain drain is a problem for every
nation. Many European and Middle Eastern countries are also victims of it.
Europe has been losing talented people who are being lured to immigrant
countries like the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Many of
Europe's best young scientists now live in the United States. A survey released
by the European Commission found that only 13% of European science
professionals working abroad intend to return home. Eastern European countries
have expressed concerns about brain drain to Ireland and the United Kingdom.
Portugal is the leader in brain drain. Yugoslavia, Romania, and Bulgaria
followed it. Germany faced over one hundred thousand brain drains in 2005 due
to economic conditions. Nigeria, Kenya, and Ethiopia are also thought to be
affected. A high percentage of Egyptians, Palestinians, and Syrians leave their
country upon completing their higher education for other countries,
particularly the countries of the Persian Gulf. China, the Philippines,
Venezuela, Iran, and Iraq are also facing it. In Malaysia, the government is
trying to lure back these people. Most people opt to migrate to Singapore,
Australia, and New Zealand, believing that they will have a better life than if
they stay in Malaysia.
The only solution to this alarming situation of
brain drain is that every nation should treasure its skilful people and should
provide ample opportunities for them. Better living, security, and a free
environment where a person can breathe is ultimately what every person wants
and it’s his right to have this. So, a government should provide this
to its human capital. And another point is that we should all realise our
responsibility towards our nation, and we should strengthen our
nation instead of leaving it.